References
Herman, J. R. and Celarier, E. Al. 1997. “Earth Surface Reflectivity Climatology at 340 nm to 380 nm from TOMS Data,” Journal of Geophysical Research 102, pp. 28003-28011

Krotkov, N.A., P.K. Bhartia, J. Herman, Z. Ahmad, V. Fioletov. 2001. “Satellite estimation of spectral surface UV irradiance 2: Effect of horizontally homogeneous clouds and snow,” Journal of Geophysical Research, 106

Prézelin, Barbara B.; Moline, Mark A.; and Matlick, H. Allen. 1998. Icecolors ’93: Spectral UV Radiation Effects on Antarctic Frazil Ice Algae. Antarctic Sea Ice Biological Processes, Interactions, and Variability. American Geophysical Union, Antarctic Research Series, Vol. 73

U.S. Department of Agriculture at Colorado State University. 2001. Managing Editors James R. Slusser and Wei Gao. The USDA UVB Monitoring and Research Program. (Colorado State University, Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory)

Vasilkov, Alexander, et al. 2001 “Global mapping of underwater UV fluxes and DNA-weighted exposures using TOMS and SeaWiFS data products” Journal of Geophysical Research, 106

World Meteorological Organization, Christine A. Ennis, Coordinating Editor. 1998. Global Ozone Research and Monitoring Project—Report No. 44. Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion.

Personal Communications
Edward De Fabo
Professor of Dermatology
George Washington University Medical School
Washington, DC
Phone: 202-994-3975
E-mail: drmecd@gwumc.edu

Jay R. Herman
Principal Investigator for TOMS Aerosol/UV Projects
NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center
Mailstop 916.0
Greenbelt, MD 20771
Phone: 301-614-6039
E-mail: herman@tparty.gsfc.nasa.gov

Ernest Hilsenrath
Deputy Project Scientist, EOS Aura Project
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
Mailstop 916.0
Greenbelt, MD 20771
Phone: 301-614-6033
E-mail: Ernest.Hilsenrath.1@gsfc.nasa.gov

Deneb Karentz
Chair, Department of Biology
University of San Francisco
2130 Fulton St.
San Francisco, CA 94117
Phone: 415-422-2831
E-mail: karentzd@usfca.edu

Nikolay A. Krotkov
Senior Research Scientist
Goddard Earth Sciences and Technology Center
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
Mailstop 916.0
Greenbelt, MD 20771
Phone: 301-614-5553
E-mail: krotkov@tparty.gsfc.nasa.gov

Sasha Madronich, Senior Scientist
Section Head, Theoretical Studies and Modeling
Atmospheric Chemistry Division
National Center for Atmospheric Research
1850 Table Mesa Drive; P.O. Box 3000
Boulder, CO 80307
Phone: 303-497-1430; Fax: 303-497-1400
E-mail: sasha@acd.ucar.edu

Barbara Prézelin
Head, Marine Primary Production Group
Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology
University of California
Santa Barbara, CA 93106
Phone: 805-893-2879/4319; Fax: 805-893-4319 or 805-893-4724
E-mail: barbara@lifesci.ucsb.edu; barbara@icess.ucsb.edu

Raymond C. Smith
CSL/CENTER Remote Sensing and Environmental Optics
University of California, Santa Barbara, CA
Phone: 805-893-4709
E-mail: ray@crseo.ucsb.edu

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Ultraviolet Radiation
Introduction
Effects on the Biosphere
What Determines UV at the Surface?
How Much Are We Getting?
Predictions and Monitoring
References